Turkey, authoritatively the Republic of Turkey, is a cross-country nation found fundamentally in Western Asia, with a littler segment on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. East Thrace, situated in Europe, is isolated from Anatolia by the Sea of Marmara, the Bosphorous strait and the Dardanelles (on the whole called the Turkish Straits). Turkey is circumscribed by Greece and Bulgaria to its northwest; Georgia to its upper east; Armenia, the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan and Iran toward the east; and Iraq and Syria toward the south. Ankara is its capital yet Istanbul is the nation's biggest city. Around 70 to 80 percent of the nation's residents distinguish as Turkish. Kurds are the biggest minority; the measure of the Kurdish populace is a subject of debate with evaluations putting the figure at somewhere in the range of 12 to 25 percent of the populace. The locale has been occupied by differing human advancements including the Assyrians, Greeks, Thracians, Phrygians, Urartians, and Armenians. Hellenization began amid the time of Alexander the Great and proceeded into the Byzantine period. The Seljuk Turks started relocating into the territory in the eleventh century, and their triumph over the Byzantines at the Battle of Manzikert in 1071 symbolizes the begin and establishment of Turkey. The Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm ruled Anatolia until the Mongol intrusion in 1243, when it deteriorated into little Turkish realms. Starting in the late thirteenth century, the Ottomans began joining these Turkish realms. After Mehmed II vanquished Constantinople in 1453, Ottoman extension proceeded under Selim I. Amid the rule of Suleiman the Magnificent the Ottoman Empire incorporated quite a bit of Southeast Europe, West Asia and North Africa and turned into a politically influential nation. In the next hundreds of years the state entered a time of decay with a steady loss of domains and wars. In 1913, an overthrow successfully put the nation under the control of the Three Pashas. Amid World War I, the Ottoman government submitted slaughters against its Armenian, Assyrian and Pontic Greek subjects. Following the war, the aggregation of domains and people groups that once included the Ottoman Empire was divided into a few new states. The Turkish War of Independence, started by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and his associates against possessing Allied Powers, brought about the cancelation of government in 1922 and the foundation of the Republic of Turkey in 1923, with Atatürk as its first president.

Ankarais the capital of Turkey. It is Turkey's second biggest city after Istanbul (the previous majestic capital). On 23 April 1920 the Grand National Assembly of Turkey was built up in Ankara, which turned into the base camp of Atatürk and the Turkish National Movement amid the Turkish War of Independence. Ankara turned into the new Turkish capital upon the foundation of the Republic on 29 October 1923, prevailing in this job the previous Turkish capital Istanbul (Constantinople) following the fall of the Ottoman Empire. The administration is a noticeable manager, however Ankara is additionally a significant business and modern city, situated at the focal point of Turkey's street and railroad systems. The chronicled focus of town is a rough slope rising 150 m (500 ft) over the left bank of the Ankara Çayi, a tributary of the Sakarya River, the traditional Sangarius.

Tulips (Tulipa) structure a sort of spring-sprouting lasting herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes (having globules as capacity organs). The blooms are typically vast, garish and brilliantly shaded, by and large red, pink, yellow, or white (more often than not in warm hues). They regularly have an alternate hued smear at the base of the tepals (petals and sepals, by and large), inside. On account of a level of fluctuation inside the populaces, and a long history of development, order has been mind boggling and questionable. The tulip is an individual from the Liliaceae (lily) family, alongside 14 other genera, where it is most firmly identified with Amana, Erythronium and Gagea in the clan Lilieae. There are around 75 species, and these are partitioned among four subgenera. The name "tulip" is believed to be gotten from a Persian word for turban, which it might have been thought to take after. Tulips initially were found in a band extending from Southern Europe to Central Asia, however since the seventeenth century have turned out to be broadly naturalized and developed. In their common state they are adjusted to steppes and precipitous zones with calm atmospheres. While tulips had most likely been developed in Asia from the tenth century, they didn't go to the consideration of the West until the sixteenth century, when Western ambassadors to the Ottoman court watched and wrote about them. They were quickly brought into Europe and turned into an excited ware amid Tulip insanity. Tulips were every now and again delineated in Dutch Golden Age works of art, and have progressed toward becoming related with the Netherlands, the real maker for world markets, from that point onward. In the seventeenth century Netherlands, amid the season of the Tulip madness, a disease of tulip knobs by the tulip breaking infection made variegated examples in the tulip blooms that were highly appreciated and esteemed. This marvel was alluded to as "broken". Rearing projects have delivered a large number of half breed and cultivars notwithstanding the first species (referred to in agriculture as herbal tulips). They are prevalent all through the world, both as elaborate patio nursery plants and as cut blossoms.

Gray Wolf (Canis lupus), otherwise called the dark/dim wolf or timber wolf, is a canine local to the wild and remote regions of Eurasia and North America. It is the biggest surviving individual from its family, with guys averaging 43– 45 kg (95– 99 lb) and females 36– 38.5 kg (79– 85 lb). It is recognized from different Canis species by its bigger size and less pointed highlights, especially on the ears and gag. Its winter hide is long and shaggy and overwhelmingly a mottled dim in shading, albeit almost unadulterated white, red and dark colored to dark additionally happen. The dark wolf is the second most concentrated individual from the family Canis, after the Ethiopian wolf, as exhibited by its morphological adjustments to chasing huge prey, its progressively gregarious nature, and its exceptionally progressed expressive conduct.