Jamaica, is an island nation arranged in the Caribbean Sea. Crossing 10,990 square kilometers (4,240 sq mi) in zone, it is the third-biggest island of the Greater Antilles and the fourth-biggest island nation in the Caribbean. Jamaica lies around 145 kilometers (90 mi) south of Cuba, and 191 kilometers (119 mi) west of Hispaniola (the island containing the nations of Haiti and the Dominican Republic). Recently occupied by the indigenous Arawak and Taíno people groups, the island went under Spanish standard after the entry of Christopher Columbus in 1494. A large number of the indigenous individuals kicked the bucket of infection, and the Spanish transplanted African captives to Jamaica as workers. The island remained an ownership of Spain until 1655, when England (later Great Britain) vanquished it and renamed it Jamaica. Under British pilgrim rule Jamaica turned into a main sugar exporter, with its manor economy very reliant on African slaves. The British completely liberated all slaves in 1838, and numerous freedmen had subsistence cultivates as opposed to take a shot at manors. Starting during the 1840s, the British used Chinese and Indian obligated work to chip away at estates. The island accomplished autonomy from the United Kingdom on 6 August 1962.

Kingston is the capital and biggest city of Jamaica, situated on the southeastern shoreline of the island. It faces a characteristic harbor ensured by the Palisadoes, a long sand spit which associates the town of Port Royal and the Norman Manley International Airport to the remainder of the island. In the Americas, Kingston is the biggest dominatingly English-talking city south of the United States. The city legitimate is limited by Six Miles toward the west, Stony Hill toward the north, Papine toward the upper east and Harbor View toward the east, networks in urban and rural Saint Andrew. Networks in country St. Andrew, for example, Gordon Town, Mavis Bank, Lawrence Tavern, Mt. Breezy and Bull Bay would not be portrayed as being in Kingston city.

Guaiacum officinale, ordinarily known as roughbark lignum-vitae, guaiacwood or gaïacwood, is a types of tree in the caltrop family, Zygophyllaceae, that is local to the Caribbean and the northern shoreline of South America. This little tree is extremely moderate developing, coming to around 10 m (33 ft) in stature with a trunk distance across of 60 cm (24 in). The tree is basically evergreen all through the majority of its local range. The leaves are compound, 2.5– 3 cm (0.98– 1.18 in) long, and 2 cm (0.79 in) wide. The blue blooms have five petals that yield a brilliant yellow-orange organic product with red fragile living creature and dark seeds.

The red-billed streamertail (Trochilus polytmus), otherwise called the specialist winged creature, scissor-tail or scissors tail hummingbird, is indigenous to Jamaica, where it is the most copious and across the board individual from the hummingbird family. While most specialists presently think of it as a different animal groups, a few (counting the American Ornithologists' Union) keep on thinking of it as conspecific with the dark charged streamertail. The red-charged streamertail is the national winged creature of Jamaica. These feathered creatures feed on nectar from blooms utilizing a long extendable tongue or catch little bugs on the wing. The grown-up male estimates 4.5 inches (11.5 cm) without the 'streamers'. With the streamers, it quantifies 10 inches (25 cm). The crown and tail are dark. The quills at the scruff of the neck structure tufts. The body is a splendid glowing green. The bill is red with a dark tip. The 'dark charged' streamertail is indistinguishable in each regard with the exception of the shade of the bill, however is a marginally littler winged creature. The female's crown, neck and back are light green. The legends are pale darker, the wings dull dark colored, and the tail dark with external plumes tipped with white. The underparts are white. The bill has a dim dark colored upper mandible and pinkish-darker lower mandible.