Lesotho, authoritatively the Kingdom of Lesotho, is an enclaved nation inside the fringe of South Africa. It is a little more than 30,000 km2 (11,583 sq mi) in size and has a populace of around 2 million. Its capital and biggest city is Maseru. Lesotho was already the British Crown Colony of Basutoland, however it proclaimed freedom from the United Kingdom on 4 October 1966. It is presently a completely sovereign express that is an individual from the United Nations, the Commonwealth of Nations, and the Southern African Development Community (SADC). The name Lesotho generally means "the place where there is the general population who speak Sesotho". The first occupants of the region currently known as Lesotho were the San individuals. Instances of their stone craftsmanship can be found in the mountains all through the region.

Maseru is the capital and biggest city of Lesotho. It is additionally the capital of the Maseru District. Situated on the Caledon River, Maseru lies legitimately on the Lesotho-South Africa outskirt. Maseru is Lesotho's capital city with a populace of 330,760 in the 2016 registration. The city was set up as a police camp and allocated as the capital after the nation turned into a British protectorate in 1869. At the point when the nation accomplished freedom in 1966, Maseru held its status as capital. The name of the city is a Sesotho word signifying "red sandstones".

Aloe polyphylla (spiral aloe, kroonaalwyn, lekhala kharetsa, many-leaved aloe) is a types of blooming plant in the class Aloe that is endemic to the Kingdom of Lesotho in the Drakensberg mountains. An evergreen succulent enduring, it is notable for its strikingly symmetrical, five-pointed winding development propensity. Aloe polyphylla is normally known as the winding aloe in English, kroonaalwyn in Afrikaans, or lekhala kharatsa in Sesotho. The species sobriquet polyphylla signifies "many-leaved" in Greek. Aloe polyphylla is a stemless aloe and develops its leaves in a particular winding shape which might be clockwise or hostile to clockwise. The plants don't appear to sucker or produce branches, however from the germination of their seeds they can shape little, thick bunches. The fat, wide, serrated, dim green leaves have sharp, dull leaf-tips and develop in the five winding lines. This aloe blooms toward the start of summer, delivering blossoms that run in shading from red to salmon pink and once in a while yellow, at the head of strong, spread inflorescences.

The black rhinoceros or hook-lipped rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) is a types of rhinoceros, local to eastern and southern Africa including Botswana, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. In spite of the fact that the rhinoceros is alluded to as dark, its hues shift from darker to dim. The other African rhinoceros is the white rhinoceros (Ceratotherium simum). "White" in the name "white rhinoceros" is frequently said to be a confusion of the Afrikaans word wyd (Dutch wijd) which means wide, alluding to its square upper lip, instead of the pointed or snared lip of the dark rhinoceros. These species are currently now and again alluded to as the square-lipped (for white) or snare lipped (for dark) rhinoceros. The species by and large is delegated fundamentally imperiled (despite the fact that the South-western dark rhinoceros is named defenseless). Three subspecies have been pronounced wiped out, including the western dark rhinoceros, which was announced terminated by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) in 2011.