Thailand, authoritatively the Kingdom of Thailand and some time ago known as Siam, is a nation at the focal point of the Southeast Asian Indochinese promontory made out of 76 areas. At 513,120 km2 (198,120 sq mi). The capital and biggest city is Bangkok, an uncommon managerial region. Thailand is circumscribed toward the north by Myanmar and Laos, toward the east by Laos and Cambodia, toward the south by the Gulf of Thailand and Malaysia, and toward the west by the Andaman Sea and the southern furthest point of Myanmar. Its oceanic limits incorporate Vietnam in the Gulf of Thailand toward the southeast, and Indonesia and India on the Andaman Sea toward the southwest. Tai people groups relocated from southwestern China to terrain Southeast Asia from the eleventh century; the most established known notice of their essence in the locale by the exonym Siamese dates to the twelfth century. Different Indianised kingdoms, for example, the Mon, the Khmer Empire and Malay states governed the locale, contending with Thai states, for example, Ngoenyang, the Sukhothai Kingdom, Lan Na and the Ayutthaya Kingdom, which matched one another. European contact started in 1511 with a Portuguese conciliatory mission to Ayutthaya, one of the incredible powers in the area. Ayutthaya achieved its top amid cosmopolitan Narai's rule (1656– 88), step by step declining from that point until being at last obliterated in 1767 of every a war with Burma. Taksin immediately reunified the divided domain and set up the brief Thonburi Kingdom. He was prevailing in 1782 by Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke, the primary ruler of the Chakri tradition and originator of the Rattanakosin Kingdom, which kept going into the mid twentieth century. Through the eighteenth and nineteenth hundreds of years, Siam confronted weight from France and the United Kingdom, including constrained concessions of domain, however all things considered it remained the main Southeast Asian nation to stay away from direct Western standard. Following a bloodless unrest in 1932, Siam turned into an established government and changed its official name to "Thailand". Thailand has occasionally switched back and forth among vote based system and military principle. In the 21st century, Thailand persevered through a political emergency that finished in two upsets and the foundation of its present and twentieth constitution by the military junta.

Bangkok is the capital and most crowded city of Thailand. The city involves 1,568.7 square kilometers (605.7 sq mi) in the Chao Phraya River delta in focal Thailand, and has a populace of more than eight million, or 12.6 percent of the nation's populace. Bangkok follows its foundations to a little exchanging post amid the Ayutthaya Kingdom the fifteenth century, which in the end developed and turned into the site of two capital urban communities: Thonburi in 1768 and Rattanakosin in 1782. Bangkok was at the core of the modernization of Siam, later renamed Thailand, amid the late-nineteenth century, as the nation confronted weights from the West. The city was at the focal point of Thailand's political battles all through the twentieth century, as the nation nullified total government, received protected standard, and experienced various upsets and a few uprisings. The city developed quickly amid the 1960s through the 1980s and now applies a critical effect on Thailand's legislative issues, economy, training, media and current society. The city is currently a local power in account and business.

The species is local to the Indian subcontinent and adjoining districts of Southeast Asia. It ranges from eastbound all through India to Myanmar and Thailand and south to Sri Lanka and southern Pakistan. It is the national tree of Thailand, and its bloom is Thailand's national blossom. Is a medium-sized tree, developing to 10– 20 m (33– 66 ft) tall with quick development. The leaves are deciduous, 15– 60 cm (6– 24 in) long, and pinnate with three to eight sets of pamphlets, every flyer 7– 21 cm (3– 8 in) long and 4– 9 cm (1.6– 3.5 in) expansive. The blooms are delivered in pendulous racemes 20– 40 cm (8– 16 in) long, each blossom 4– 7 cm (1.6– 2.8 in) breadth with five yellow petals of equivalent size and shape. The natural product is a vegetable, 30– 60 cm (12– 24 in) long and 1.5– 2.5 cm (0.6– 1.0 in) expansive, with a sharp scent and containing a few seeds.

The Siamese fireback (Lophura diardi) otherwise called Diard's fireback is a genuinely huge, roughly 80 cm long, bird. The male has a dim plumage with a broad red facial skin, blood red legs and feet, fancy dark peak quills, rosy darker iris and since quite a while ago bended blackish tail. The female is a dark colored flying creature with blackish wing and tail plumes. The Siamese fireback is disseminated to the marsh and evergreen woods of Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam in Southeast Asia. This species is likewise assigned as the national fledgling of Thailand. The female for the most part lays somewhere in the range of four and eight ruddy eggs.

The Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), likewise called Asiatic elephant, is the main living types of the sort Elephas and is dispersed all through the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, from India in the west, Nepal in the north, Sumatra in the south, and to Borneo in the east. The Asian elephant is the biggest living area creature in Asia. As a rule, the Asian elephant is littler than the African bramble elephant and has the most astounding body point on the head. The back is curved or level. The ears are little with dorsal outskirts collapsed horizontally. It has up to 20 sets of ribs and 34 caudal vertebrae. The feet have more nail-like structures than those of African elephants—five on every forefoot, and four on every rear foot. By and large, guys are about 2.75 m (9.0 ft) tall at the shoulder and 4 t (4.4 short tons) in weight, while females are littler at about 2.4 m (7.9 ft) at the shoulder and 2.7 t (3.0 short tons) in weight. Length of body and head including trunk is 5.5– 6.5 m (18– 21 ft) with the tail being 1.2– 1.5 m (3.9– 4.9 ft) long. The biggest bull elephant at any point recorded was shot by the Maharajah of Susang in the Garo Hills of Assam, India in 1924, it gauged 7 t (7.7 short tons), stood 3.43 m (11.3 ft) tall at the shoulder and was 8.06 m (26.4 ft) long from head to tail.