Netherlands is a nation found chiefly in Northwestern Europe. The European bit of the Netherlands comprises of twelve separate regions that fringe Germany toward the east, Belgium toward the south, and the North Sea toward the northwest, with sea outskirts in the North Sea with Belgium, Germany and the United Kingdom. Together with three island domains in the Caribbean Sea—Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba—it shapes a constituent nation of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. The official language is Dutch, however an auxiliary authority language in the area of Friesland is West Frisian. The six biggest urban areas in the Netherlands are Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague, Utrecht, Eindhoven and Tilburg. Amsterdam is the nation's capital, while The Hague holds the seat of the States General, Cabinet and Supreme Court. The Port of Rotterdam is the biggest port in Europe, and the biggest in any nation outside Asia. Netherlands truly signifies 'bring down nations' in reference to its low height and level geography, with just about half of its property surpassing 1 meter (3 ft 3 in) above ocean level, and almost 17% falling underneath ocean level. The majority of the territories beneath ocean level, known as polders, are the aftereffect of land recovery that started in the sixteenth century. The Netherlands is a standout amongst the most thickly populated nations on the planet. By the by, it is the world's second-biggest exporter of nourishment and horticultural items (after the United States), inferable from its rich soil, mellow atmosphere, and escalated agribusiness. The Netherlands was, generally, the third nation on the planet to have delegate government, and it has been a parliamentary established government with a unitary structure since 1848. The nation has a convention of pillarisation and a long record of social resistance, having authorized premature birth, prostitution and human willful extermination, alongside keeping up a dynamic medication approach. The Netherlands canceled capital punishment in 1870, permitted ladies' suffrage in 1917, and turned into the world's first nation to sanction same-sex marriage in 2001.

Amsterdam is the capital city and most crowded region of the Netherlands. Its status as the capital is ordered by the Constitution of the Netherlands, in spite of the fact that it isn't the seat of the administration, which is The Hague. The city is situated in the area of North Holland in the west of the nation yet isn't its capital, which is Haarlem. The Amsterdam metropolitan territory includes a great part of the northern piece of the Randstad, one of the bigger conurbations in Europe, which has a populace of roughly 8.1 million. Amsterdam's name gets from Amstelredamme, demonstrative of the city's root around a dam in the waterway Amstel. Starting as a little angling town in the late twelfth century, Amsterdam wound up a standout amongst the most significant ports on the planet amid the Dutch Golden Age (seventeenth century), because of its imaginative advancements in exchange. Amid that time, the city was the main place for account and exchange. As the business capital of the Netherlands and one of the top money related focuses in Europe, Amsterdam is viewed as an alpha-world city by the Globalization and World Cities (GaWC) contemplate gathering. The city is likewise the social capital of the Netherlands. The Amsterdam Stock Exchange, the most seasoned stock trade on the planet, is situated in the downtown area.

Tulips (Tulipa)) structure a sort of spring-sprouting lasting herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes (having globules as capacity organs). The blooms are typically vast, garish and brilliantly shaded, by and large red, pink, yellow, or white (more often than not in warm hues). They regularly have an alternate hued smear at the base of the tepals (petals and sepals, by and large), inside. On account of a level of fluctuation inside the populaces, and a long history of development, order has been mind boggling and questionable. The tulip is an individual from the Liliaceae (lily) family, alongside 14 other genera, where it is most firmly identified with Amana, Erythronium and Gagea in the clan Lilieae. There are around 75 species, and these are partitioned among four subgenera. The name "tulip" is believed to be gotten from a Persian word for turban, which it might have been thought to take after. Tulips initially were found in a band extending from Southern Europe to Central Asia, however since the seventeenth century have turned out to be broadly naturalized and developed. In their common state they are adjusted to steppes and precipitous zones with calm atmospheres. While tulips had most likely been developed in Asia from the tenth century, they didn't go to the consideration of the West until the sixteenth century, when Western ambassadors to the Ottoman court watched and wrote about them. They were quickly brought into Europe and turned into an excited ware amid Tulip insanity. Tulips were every now and again delineated in Dutch Golden Age works of art, and have progressed toward becoming related with the Netherlands, the real maker for world markets, from that point onward. In the seventeenth century Netherlands, amid the season of the Tulip madness, a disease of tulip knobs by the tulip breaking infection made variegated examples in the tulip blooms that were highly appreciated and esteemed. This marvel was alluded to as "broken". Rearing projects have delivered a large number of half breed and cultivars notwithstanding the first species (referred to in agriculture as herbal tulips). They are prevalent all through the world, both as elaborate patio nursery plants and as cut blossoms.

The Black-tailed godwit (Limosa limosa) is a huge, since a long time ago legged, since a long time ago charged shorebird initially depicted via Carl Linnaeus in 1758. It is an individual from the godwit class, Limosa. The dark followed godwit is a vast wader with long bill (7.5 to 12 cm (3.0 to 4.7 in) long), neck and legs. Amid the rearing season, the bill has a yellowish or orange-pink base and dim tip; the base is pink in winter. The legs are dull dark, brown or dark. The genders are comparative, yet in reproducing plumage, they can be isolated by the male's more brilliant, progressively broad orange bosom, neck and head. In winter, grown-up dark followed godwits have a uniform darker dim bosom and upperparts (as opposed to the bar-followed godwit's streaked back). Adolescents have a light orange wash to the neck and bosom. It quantifies 42 cm (17 in) from bill to tail with a wingspan of 70– 82 cm (28– 32 in). Guys weigh around 280 g (9.9 oz) and females 340 g (12 oz). The female is around 5% bigger than the male, with a bill 12– 15% longer.

Lion (Panthera leo ) is an animal groups in the family Felidae; it is a strong, profound chested feline with a short, adjusted head, a diminished neck and round ears, and a shaggy tuft toward the finish of its tail. The lion is explicitly dimorphic; guys are bigger than females with an average weight scope of 150 to 250 kg (330 to 550 lb) for guys and 120 to 182 kg (265 to 400 lb) for females. Male lions have a conspicuous mane, which is the most unmistakable component of the species. A lion pride comprises of a couple of grown-up guys, related females and offspring. Gatherings of female lions commonly chase together, preying generally on substantial ungulates. The species is a pinnacle and cornerstone predator, despite the fact that they search when openings happen. Commonly, the lion occupies prairies and savannas however is missing in thick timberlands. It is normally more diurnal than other huge felines, yet when oppressed it adjusts to being dynamic during the evening and at dusk. In the Pleistocene, the lion went all through Eurasia, Africa and North America yet today it has been diminished to divided populaces in Sub-Saharan Africa and one fundamentally imperiled populace in western India. A standout amongst the most generally perceived creature images in human culture, the lion has been widely delineated in figures and artworks, on national banners, and in contemporary movies and writing. Lions have been kept in zoos since the season of the Roman Empire and have been a key animal varieties looked for presentation in zoological gardens over the world since the late eighteenth century. Social portrayals of lions were unmistakable in the Upper Paleolithic time frame; carvings and compositions from the Lascaux and Chauvet Caves in France have been dated to 17,000 years back, and delineations have happened in for all intents and purposes all old and medieval societies that matched with the lion's previous and current reaches. The lion's name, which is comparative in many Romance dialects, is gotten from Latin: leo.