Slovenia, formally the Republic of Slovenia, is a sovereign state situated in southern Central Europe at a junction of significant European social and exchange courses. It is flanked by Italy toward the west, Austria toward the north, Hungary toward the upper east, Croatia toward the southeast, and the Adriatic Sea toward the southwest. One of the successor conditions of the previous Yugoslavia, Slovenia is a parliamentary republic and an individual from the United Nations, of the European Union, and of NATO. The capital and biggest city is Ljubljana. Slovenia has a for the most part rugged landscape with a principally mainland atmosphere, except for the Slovene Littoral, which has a sub-Mediterranean atmosphere, and of the northwest, which has an Alpine atmosphere. Furthermore, the Dinaric Alps and the Pannonian Plain meet on the domain of Slovenia. The nation, set apart by a huge organic assorted variety, is a standout amongst the most water-wealthy in Europe, with a thick waterway organize, a rich aquifer framework, and noteworthy karst underground conduits. Over portion of the region is secured by woods. Slovenia has verifiably been the intersection of Slavic, Germanic, and Romance dialects and societies. In spite of the fact that the populace isn't homogeneous, Slovenes include the greater part. The South Slavic language Slovene is the official language all through the nation. Slovenia is a to a great extent secularized nation, yet Catholicism and Lutheranism have altogether impacted its way of life and personality. The economy of Slovenia is little, open and fare situated. Generally, the present region of Slovenia has shaped piece of a wide range of states, including the Roman Empire, Byzantine Empire, Carolingian Empire and the Holy Roman Empire, the Habsburg Monarchy, the Republic of Venice, the French-directed Illyrian Provinces of Napoleon I, the Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary. In October 1918 the Slovenes practiced self-assurance out of the blue by helping to establish the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs. In December 1918 they converged with the Kingdom of Serbia into the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (renamed Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929). Amid World War II (1939– 1945) Germany, Italy, and Hungary involved and attached Slovenia (1941– 1945), with a minor region exchanged to the Independent State of Croatia, a Nazi manikin state. In 1945 Slovenia turned into an establishing individual from the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia, renamed in 1963 as the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. In the primary years after World War II this state was at first aligned with the Eastern Bloc, however it never bought in to the Warsaw Pact and in 1961 wound up one of the organizers of the Non-Aligned Movement. In June 1991, after the presentation of multi-party agent majority rule government, Slovenia split from Yugoslavia and turned into a free nation.

Ljubljana is the capital and biggest city of Slovenia. It has been the social, instructive, financial, political, and regulatory focus of free Slovenia since 1991. Ljubljana itself was first referenced in the principal half of the twelfth century. Arranged at the center of an exchange course between the northern Adriatic Sea and the Danube locale, it was the verifiable capital of Carniola, one of the Slovene-possessed pieces of the Habsburg Monarchy. It was under Habsburg rule from the Middle Ages until the disintegration of the Austro-Hungarian Empire in 1918. After World War II, Ljubljana turned into the capital of the Socialist Republic of Slovenia, some portion of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. It held this status until Slovenia ended up free in 1991 and Ljubljana wound up capital of the recently shaped state. The city, with a zone of 163.8 square kilometers (63.2 sq mi), is arranged in the Ljubljana Basin in Central Slovenia, between the Alps and the Karst. Ljubljana is found somewhere in the range of 320 kilometers (200 mi) south of Munich, 477 kilometers (296 mi) east of Zürich, 250 kilometers (160 mi) east of Venice, 350 kilometers (220 mi) southwest of Vienna, 224 kilometers (139 mi) south of Salzburg and 400 kilometers (250 mi) southwest of Budapest.

Dianthus caryophyllus, the carnation or clove pink, is a types of Dianthus. It is most likely local to the Mediterranean district however its precise range is obscure because of broad development throughout the previous 2,000 years. It is a herbaceous lasting plant growing up to 80 cm tall. The leaves are glaucous grayish green to blue-green, thin, up to 15 cm long. The blooms are delivered independently or up to five together in a cyme; they are around 3– 5 cm breadth, and sweetly scented; the first regular blossom shading is splendid pinkish-purple, however cultivars of different hues, including red, white, yellow and green, have been created. The fragrant, bisexual blooms have an outspread symmetry.