Syria, authoritatively the Syrian Arab Republic, is a nation in Western Asia, flanking Lebanon toward the southwest, the Mediterranean Sea toward the west, Turkey toward the north, Iraq toward the east, Jordan toward the south, and Israel toward the southwest. A nation of fruitful fields, high mountains, and deserts, Syria is home to assorted ethnic and religious gatherings, including Syrian Arabs, Greeks, Armenians, Assyrians, Kurds, Circassians, Mandeans and Turks. Religious gatherings incorporate Sunnis, Christians, Alawites, Druze, Isma'ilis, Mandeans, Shiites, Salafis, Yazidis, and Jews. Sunni make up the biggest religious gathering in Syria. Syria is a unitary republic comprising of 14 governorates and is the main nation that politically upholds Ba'athism. In English, the name "Syria" was once in the past synonymous with the Levant (referred to in Arabic as al-Sham), while the advanced state incorporates the locales of a few antiquated kingdoms and domains, including the Eblan human advancement of the third thousand years BC. Aleppo and the capital city Damascus are among the most seasoned constantly possessed urban communities on the planet. In the Islamic period, Damascus was the seat of the Umayyad Caliphate and a common capital of the Mamluk Sultanate in Egypt. The cutting edge Syrian state was built up in mid-twentieth century following quite a while of Ottoman and a short period French command, and spoke to the biggest Arab state to rise up out of the some time ago Ottoman-ruled Syrian areas. It picked up by law freedom as a parliamentary republic on 24 October 1945, when Republic of Syria turned into an establishing individual from the United Nations, a demonstration which legitimately finished the previous French Mandate – albeit French troops did not leave the nation until April 1946. The post-freedom period was turbulent, and an extensive number of military upsets and overthrow endeavors shook the nation in the period 1949– 71. In 1958, Syria entered a concise association with Egypt called the United Arab Republic, which was ended by the 1961 Syrian overthrow. The republic was renamed into the Arab Republic of Syria in late 1961 after December 1 protected choice, and was progressively unsteady until the 1963 Ba'athist overthrow, since which the Ba'ath Party has kept up its capacity. Syria was under Emergency Law from 1963 to 2011.

Damascus is the capital of the Syrian Arab Republic; it is additionally the nation's biggest city, following the decrease in populace of Aleppo. It is informally referred to in Syria as slag Sham and titled the City of Jasmine. Notwithstanding being one of the most established constantly occupied urban areas on the planet. Damascus is a noteworthy social focal point of the Levant and the Arab world. Topographically inserted on the eastern lower regions of the Anti-Lebanon mountain go 80 kilometers (50 mi) inland from the eastern shore of the Mediterranean on a level 680 meters (2,230 ft) above ocean level, Damascus encounters a semi-parched atmosphere due to the downpour shadow impact. The Barada River courses through Damascus.

Jasmine is a sort of bushes and vines in the olive family (Oleaceae). It contains around 200 species local to tropical and warm mild areas of Eurasia, Australasia and Oceania. Jasmines are generally developed for the trademark scent of their blooms. Jasmine can be either deciduous (leaves falling in harvest time) or evergreen (green throughout the entire year), and can be erect, spreading, or climbing bushes and vines. Their leaves are borne in contradicting or rotating game plan and can be of basic, trifoliate, or pinnate arrangement. The blooms are normally around 2.5 cm (0.98 in) in distance across. They are white or yellow in shading, in spite of the fact that in uncommon cases they can be somewhat rosy. The blossoms are borne in cymose groups with at least three blooms, however they can likewise be single on the closures of branchlets. Each blossom has around four to nine petals, two locules, and one to four ovules. They have two stamens with exceptionally short fibers. The bracts are direct or praise. The calyx is ringer formed. They are generally extremely fragrant. The products of jasmines are berries that turn dark when ready.

The Syrian brown bear (Ursus arctos syriacus) is a moderately little subspecies of brown bear local to the Middle East. The Syrian brown bear's hide is typically light brown and straw-hued. The hair on the shrinks is longer with a dim brown base and is frequently an alternate shade from the remainder of the body, found in certain people as a dull stripe running over the back. The lighter hues normally show up at higher heights. Their legs are normally darker than the remainder of their body. It is the main known bear on the planet to have white hooks. It is a somewhat little brown bear. Grown-up guys have skulls estimating around 30– 40 cm (12– 16 inches). The Syrian brown bear weighs up to 550 lb (250 kilograms), and measures from 101– 140 cm (40– 55 inches) from nose to tail. Generally, the Syrian brown bear happened in the Middle East from Turkey to Turkmenistan.